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The active group participated in a supervised series of exercises for 60 minutes, bands three times per week. The combination of exercises was designed to work all major muscle groups, the heart and circulation. bands Substantial improvements were observed in active participants' body fat, and muscle and fitness levels. Aerobic fitness, as measured by peak oxygen uptake on a treadmill, increased by 16 percent, and strength fitness increased by 17 percent. The average weight loss in this group was only four pounds, because much of the loss of fat was offset by increased muscle mass. The fat bands in the abdominal region, measured by magnetic resonance imaging, was reduced by 20 percent among exercisers. The group that was not exercising had either no or significantly less improvement than the exercising group. Bone scans, using an X-ray machine called DXA, were used to assess bone mineral density. Measurements were taken of the total skeleton and in areas most vulnerable to bone loss and subsequent fracture, including three locations on the hip, and one in the spine.
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