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Aerobic fitness, as measured by peak oxygen uptake on a treadmill, increased by 16 percent, and strength fitness increased by 17 percent. The weight training average weight loss in this group was only four pounds, because much of the loss of fat was offset by increased muscle mass. The fat in the abdominal region, measured by magnetic resonance imaging, was reduced by 20 percent among weight training exercisers. weight training The group that was not exercising had either no or significantly less improvement than the exercising group.Bone scans, using an X-ray machine called DXA, were used to assess bone mineral density. Measurements were taken of the total skeleton and in areas most vulnerable to bone loss and subsequent fracture, including three locations on the hip, and one in the spine. In both men and women who exercised and lost weight, overall bone density did not change, although results were mixed for women in specific sites of the hip.
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