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Advance: To test this new hypothesis, researchers enrolled 50-75 year-old postmenopausal performance women in a 225 performance minutes/week moderate exercise program for one year. Genetic polymorphisms for two genes, CYP19 and COMT, involved in the conversion of estradiol into testosterone or less active metabolites were examined. Exercisers with the CYP19 polymorphism had a larger decrease in total performance fat (7 pounds lost vs. 1 pound) and percentage body fat (2.4% for 0.6%). Those women with the COMT polymorphism had a smaller decrease in percentage body fat (0.7% vs. 1.9%). Implication: These results suggest that genetic polymorphisms in at least two genes, CYP19 and COMT, may be important for body fat regulation. Specifically, these gene forms may influence the effect of exercise on fat loss in post-menopausal women. This finding is significant because fat loss is important for lowering the risk of several chronic diseases. Knowing a person's polymorphic status for these two genes could explain why some women lose more weight than others in response to exercise and could alter the weight loss approach or warrant other interventions.
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